On view

Art of the Ancient Americas

Drum,

500–800 CE

Wari
Middle Horizon
1997-464
The expansive influence of the interrelated Tiwanaku and Wari empires defines the Middle Horizon period in Peruvian archaeology. From about 500 to 1000 CE, Tiwanaku was the hub of trade networks. With its eponymous center on Lake Titicaca, it encompassed and expanded beyond what is today Bolivia. The Wari empire, situated to the north, simultaneously imposed its own systems of control and aesthetics on communities throughout much of what is today Peru. Their art shares many stylistic features, although some Wari art employs complex forms of abstraction not seen in Tiwanaku visual culture. On the tunic worn by the Wari male figure above, for example, the interlocking opposed skeletal heads become colorful stripes. The Tiwanaku wood kero (ceremonial drinking cup) presents a frontal face with emanating, serpentine rays, a signature motif of Tiwanaku art that also adorns the silver plumes in the case opposite.

More Context

Didactics

Information

Title
Drum
Dates

500–800 CE

Medium
Gesso and paint-covered camelid hide with hide lacings over wooden slats
Dimensions
19 × 33 cm (7 1/2 × 13 in.) mount (mounted overall): 35.6 × 30.5 × 20 cm (14 × 12 × 7 7/8 in.)
Credit Line
Gift of Philip M. Holstein Jr.
Object Number
1997-464
Place Made

South America, Peru

Culture
Materials
Techniques

By February 9, 1995, Philip M. Holstein Jr. [1]; 1997, gift to the Princeton University Art Museum.

Notes:
[1] Holstein lent the work to the exhibition Objects of Andean Royalty, Aspen Art Museum, February 9 – April 9, 1995.